一、缩略词
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高,如IMP: important, ASAP: as soon as possible。很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词,会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式:
| MKT: | market |
| MGR: | manager |
| MSG: | message |
| STD: | standard |
| RCV: | receive |
| INFO | information |
| INS | insurance |
| EXCH | exchange |
| I owe you | IOU |
| In stead of | I/O |
| WK | week |
| RM | room |
| PL | people |
| R | are |
| THO | though |
| THRU | through |
| 缩略词 | 原词 |
| APT | Apartment |
| ACC | Accountant |
| ACDG | According |
| ACPT | Accept |
| AD | Advertisement |
| ADS | Address |
| ADV | Advice |
| AMAP | As much/many as possible |
| AMT | Amount |
| APV | Approve |
| ASAP | As soon as possible |
| BAL | Balance |
| BLDG | Building |
| CERT | Certificate |
| CFM | Conform |
| CNCL | Cancel |
| CNF | Conference |
| CMI | Commission |
| CMP | Complete |
| CMPE | Compete/competitive |
| CMU | Communication |
| CONC | Concern/concerning/concerned |
| COND | Condition |
| CO. | Company |
| DEPT | Department |
| DISC | Discount |
| DPT | Departure |
| EXCH | Exchange |
| EXPLN | Explain |
| EXT | Extent |
| FLT | Flight |
| FNT | Final |
| FRT | Freight |
| FYR | For your reference |
| GD | Good |
| GUAR | Guarantee |
| H.O. | Home office |
| INFO | Information |
| IMPS | Impossible |
| IMP(T) | Important |
| INCD | Include |
| INDIV | Individual |
| INS | Insurance |
| INTST | Interested |
| I/O | In stead of |
| IOU | I owe you |
| IVO | In view of |
| MANUF | Manufacture |
| MDL | Model |
| MEMO | Memorandum |
| MGR | Manger |
| MIN | Minimum |
| MKT | Market |
| MSG | Message |
| NCRY | Necessary |
| NLT | No later than |
| OBS | Observe |
| OBT | Obtain |
| ORD | Ordinary |
| PAT | Patent |
| PC | Piece |
| PKG | Packing |
| PL | People |
| PLS | Please |
| POSN | Position |
| POSS(BL) | Possible |
| PROD | Product |
| QLTY | Quality |
| QUTY | Quantity |
| RCV | Receive |
| REF | Reference |
| REGL | Regular |
| REP | Representative |
| RESN | Reservation |
| RPT | Repeat |
| RESPON | Responsible |
| SEC | Section |
| SITN | Situation |
| STD | Standard |
| TEL | Telephone |
| TEMP | Temporary |
| TGM | Telegraph |
| THO | Though |
| TKS | Thanks |
| TRD | Trade |
| TRF | Traffic |
| TTL | Total |
| U | You |
| UR | Your |
| WK | Week |
| WL | Will |
| WT | Weight |
| XL | Extra large |
| Z | 表示"人"people/person,因为"Z"看上去像个人头,它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。例如:日本人:JZ。 |
| C | 表示政府,统治:government,govern 希腊字母C读/ga:ma/,近似government, 所以就用C来表示govern, government。governmental official 可以表示为 CZ |
| P | 表示政治:politics, political 希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics, political。那么politician就可以表示为 PZ |
| E | 表示总数:total, totally, entire, entirely, on the whole, all in all, to sum up, ect. E 数学符号表示总值。 |
| G | 表示效率:efficient, effective。 G为效率符号。 |
| Q | 表示"通货膨胀":inflation 因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。 |
| A | 表示农业: agriculture. agriculture经常用到,所以用首字母代替。 |
| B | 表示商业:business。 |
| C× | 表示冲突,矛盾:conflict,confrontation "C×"中的"×"表示反对,字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict 和 confrontation。 |
| W | 表示工作,职业: work, employ 等。 它是work的第一个字母。所以WZ就可以用来表示worker, 而W(Z在字母上方表示employer, 在字母下方表示employee)。 |
| i | 表示工业: industry, industrial 字母i 像只烟囱,所以用来可以用来表示工业。 |
| U | U 看酷似一个酒杯,在笔记中表示合同、协议(treaty, agreement)一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。 如果在U内填入2××××,就可以表示为bilateral(双边的), 填入3表示为trilateral(三边的)。 填入在U中填入1表示: Unilateralism(单边主义),填入m (multiple) 表示多边主义。 如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。 |
| O | 表示"国家"、"民族"、"领土"等:country, state, nation, etc. gO表示进口,Og表示出口 |
| 这个符号酷似一把椅子,可以表示主持、主办:chair, host, preside over。 那么在此符号上加Z表示主席,主持人:chairman, host, etc. | |
| T | 表示"领导人":leader, head 那么head of government, head of company 便可以表示为 CT |
| ⊙ | 圆圈表示一个圆桌,中间一点表示一盆花,这个符号就可以表示会议、开会等:meeting,conference, negotiation,seminar,discussion,symposium |
| k | 这个符号看上像条鱼,所以表示"捕鱼业"等合fishery 有关的词汇。 |
| O | 圆圈代表地球,横线表示赤道,所以这个符号就可以表示国际的、世界的、全球的等: international, worldwide, global, universal, etc. |
| J | 表示开心:pleasant, joyful,happy,excited, etc. |
| L | 表示不满、生气unsatisfied, discomfort, angry, sad, etc. |
| EO | 表示听到、总所周之:as we all know, as is known to all, as you have already heard of, etc. |
| O | 表示漠不关心、无动于衷:indifferent, apathetic, unconcern, don't care much, etc. |
| g | 表示到达、传达:go into,arrive at,give to,send to,present to etc. |
| 表示导致、引导:lead to, result in, in the direction of, etc. | |
| 表示屈服:submit to | |
| f | 表示来自于:be/come from,return,receive from, etc. |
| 表示追溯到:come/go back to,originate | |
| h | 表示上升:up/upward/rise,increase,arise,ascend, etc. |
| 表示发射、投放市场、发行:launch,open, start, etc. | |
| 表示发展、加强、推进:develop,strengthen, promote, etc | |
| 表示"波折":ups and downs, twists and turns, etc. |
| + | 表示"多": many, lots of, a great deal of, a good many of, etc. |
| ++(+2) | 表示"多"的比较级:more |
| +3 | 表示"多"的最高级:most |
| - | 表示"少": little, few, lack ,in short of/ be in shortage of etc. |
| × | 表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念:wrong/incorrect,something bad,notorious,negative, etc. |
| > | 表示"多于"概念:bigger/larger/greater/more than/better than, etc. |
| 表示"高" 概念:superior to,surpass, etc. | |
| < | 表示"少于"概念:less/smaller,etc. |
| 表示"低"概念:inferior to,etc. | |
| = | 表示"同等"概念:means,that is to say, in other words,the same as,be equal to, etc. |
| 表示"对手"概念:a match, rival, competitor, counterpart, etc. | |
| ( ) | 表示"在......之间":among, within, etc. |
| ≠ | 表示"不同"概念:be different from, etc. |
| 表示"无敌"概念:matchless, peerless, etc. | |
| ~ | 表示"大约"概念:about/around,or so, approximately, etc. |
| / | 表示"否定","消除"等概念:cross out, eliminate, etc. |
| : | 表示各种各样"说"的动词:say, speak, talk, marks, announce, declare, etc. |
| ? | 表示"问题":question,issue,例如:台湾问题:tw? |
| . (dot) | 这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样 ".d"表示yesterday, ".y"表示last year, ".2m"表示two month ago。 "y"表示this year, "y2." two year later "next week", 可以表示为"wk." |
| ∧ | 表示转折 |
| √ | 表示"好的"状态,right/good,famous/well-known,etc. |
| 表示"同意"状态,stand up for,support, agree with sb, certain/ affirmative, etc. | |
| ☆ | 表示"重要的"状态:important,exemplary(模范的) best,outstanding,brilliant,etc. |
| n | 表示"交流"状态:exchange,mutual, etc. |
| & | 表示"和","与":and,together with,along with, accompany,along with,further more,etc. |
| ∥ | 表示"结束":end,stop,halt,bring sth to a standstill/stop, etc. |
| -ism | 简写为 m | 例如:socialism | Sm |
| -tion | 简 简写为 n | 例如:standardization (标准化) | stdn |
| -cian | 简 简写为 o | 例如:technician | techo |
| -ing | 简写为 g | 例如:marketing (市场营销) | MKTg |
| -ed | 简写为 d | 例如:accepted | acptd |
| -able/ible/ble | 简写为 bl | 例如:available | avbl |
| -ment | 简写为 mt | 例如:amendment | amdmt |
| -ize | 简写为 z | 例如:recognize | regz |
| -ful | 简写为 fl | 例如:meaningful | mnfl |
- 作者: PierrotLeFou 2005年01月12日, 星期三 10:48 加入博采
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